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data binning
Data binning or bucketing is a data pre-processing technique used to reduce the effects of minor observation errors. The original data values which fall in a given small interval, a bin, are replaced by a value representative of that interval, often the central value. It is a form of quantization.
Statistical data binning is a way to group a number of more or less continuous values into a smaller number of "bins". For example, if you have data about a group of people, you might want to arrange their ages into a smaller number of age intervals. 〔http://stn.spotfire.com/spotfire_client_help/bin/bin_what_is_binning.htm〕 It can also be used in multivariate statistics, binning in several dimensions at once.
== Introduction ==
In the context of image processing, binning is the procedure of combining a cluster of pixels into a single pixel. As such, in 2x2 binning, an array of 4 pixels becomes a single larger pixel,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.starrywonders.com/binning.html )〕 reducing the overall number of pixels.
This aggregation, reducing the number of data (with a loss of information), facilitates the analysis. For instance, binning the data may also reduce the impact of read noise on the processed image (at the cost of a lower resolution).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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